The number of Hecke atoms of a permutation. For a permutation $z\in\mathfrak S_n$, this is the cardinality of the set $$\{ w\in\mathfrak S_n | w^{-1} \star w = z\},$$ where $\star$ denotes the Demazure product. Note that $w\mapsto w^{-1}\star w$ is a surjection onto the set of involutions.

The minimal number of edges to add to make a graph Hamiltonian. A graph is Hamiltonian if it contains a cycle as a subgraph, which contains all vertices.

Degree of the polynomial counting the number of semistandard Young tableaux when stretching the shape. Given a partition $\lambda$ with $r$ parts, the number of semi-standard Young-tableaux of shape $k\lambda$ and boxes with values in $[r]$ grows as a polynomial in $k$. This follows by setting $q=1$ in (7.105) on page 375 of [1], which yields the polynomial $$p(k) = \prod_{i < j}\frac{k(\lambda_j-\lambda_i)+j-i}{j-i}.$$ The statistic of the degree of this polynomial. For example, the partition $(3, 2, 1, 1, 1)$ gives $$p(k) = \frac{-1}{36} (k - 3) (2k - 3) (k - 2)^2 (k - 1)^3$$ which has degree 7 in $k$. Thus, $[3, 2, 1, 1, 1] \mapsto 7$. This is the same as the number of unordered pairs of different parts, which follows from: $$\deg p(k)=\sum_{i < j}\begin{cases}1& \lambda_j \neq \lambda_i\\0&\lambda_i=\lambda_j\end{cases}=\sum_{\stackrel{i < j}{\lambda_j \neq \lambda_i}} 1$$

Number of non-integral Gelfand-Tsetlin polytopes with prescribed top row and partition weight. Given $\lambda$ count how many ''integer partitions'' $w$ (weight) there are, such that $P_{\lambda,w}$ is non-integral, i.e., $w$ such that the Gelfand-Tsetlin polytope $P_{\lambda,w}$ has at least one non-integral vertex.

Number of non-integral Gelfand-Tsetlin polytopes with prescribed top row and integer composition weight. Given $\lambda$ count how many ''integer compositions'' $w$ (weight) there are, such that $P_{\lambda,w}$ is non-integral, i.e., $w$ such that the Gelfand-Tsetlin polytope $P_{\lambda,w}$ has at least one non-integral vertex. See also [[St000205]]. Each value in this statistic is greater than or equal to corresponding value in [[St000205]].