Maximum difference of elements in cycles. Given a cycle $C$ in a permutation, we can compute the maximum distance between elements in the cycle, that is $\max \{ a_i-a_j | a_i, a_j \in C \}$. The statistic is then the maximum of this value over all cycles in the permutation.

The maximal difference between two elements in a common block.

The maximum drop size of a permutation. The maximum drop size of a permutation $\pi$ of $[n]=\{1,2,\ldots, n\}$ is defined to be the maximum value of $i-\pi(i)$.

The maximal displacement of a permutation. This is $\max\{ |\pi(i)-i| \mid 1 \leq i \leq n\}$ for a permutation $\pi$ of $\{1,\ldots,n\}$. This statistic without the absolute value is the maximal drop size [[St000141]].

The number of stack-sorts needed to sort a permutation. A permutation is (West) $t$-stack sortable if it is sortable using $t$ stacks in series. Let $W_t(n,k)$ be the number of permutations of size $n$ with $k$ descents which are $t$-stack sortable. Then the polynomials $W_{n,t}(x) = \sum_{k=0}^n W_t(n,k)x^k$ are symmetric and unimodal. We have $W_{n,1}(x) = A_n(x)$, the Eulerian polynomials. One can show that $W_{n,1}(x)$ and $W_{n,2}(x)$ are real-rooted. Precisely the permutations that avoid the pattern $231$ have statistic at most $1$, see [3]. These are counted by $\frac{1}{n+1}\binom{2n}{n}$ ([[OEIS:A000108]]). Precisely the permutations that avoid the pattern $2341$ and the barred pattern $3\bar 5241$ have statistic at most $2$, see [4]. These are counted by $\frac{2(3n)!}{(n+1)!(2n+1)!}$ ([[OEIS:A000139]]).

The degree of the graph. This is the maximal vertex degree of a graph.

The maximal area to the right of an up step of a Dyck path.

The maximal arc length of a set partition. The arcs of a set partition are those $i < j$ that are consecutive elements in the blocks. If there are no arcs, the maximal arc length is $0$.

The number of pop-stack-sorts needed to sort a permutation. The pop-stack sorting operator is defined as follows. Process the permutation $\pi$ from left to right. If the stack is empty or its top element is smaller than the current element, empty the stack completely and append its elements to the output in reverse order. Next, push the current element onto the stack. After having processed the last entry, append the stack to the output in reverse order. A permutation is $t$-pop-stack sortable if it is sortable using $t$ pop-stacks in series.

The Lowey length of the algebra $A/T$ when $T$ is the 1-tilting module corresponding to the permutation in the Auslander algebra of $K[x]/(x^n)$.