The multiplicity of the standard representation in the Kronecker square corresponding to a partition.
The Kronecker coefficient is the multiplicity $g_{\mu,\nu}^\lambda$ of the Specht module $S^\lambda$ in $S^\mu\otimes S^\nu$:
$$S^\mu\otimes S^\nu = \bigoplus_\lambda g_{\mu,\nu}^\lambda S^\lambda$$
This statistic records the Kronecker coefficient $g_{\lambda,\lambda}^{(n-1)1}$, for $\lambda\vdash n > 1$. For $n\leq1$ the statistic is undefined.
It follows from [3, Prop.4.1] (or, slightly easier from [3, Thm.4.2]) that this is one less than St000159The number of distinct parts of the integer partition., the number of distinct parts of the partition.

The parallelogram polyomino corresponding to a Dyck path, interpreted as a skew partition.
Let $D$ be a Dyck path of semilength $n$. The parallelogram polyomino $\gamma(D)$ is defined as follows: let $\tilde D = d_0 d_1 \dots d_{2n+1}$ be the Dyck path obtained by prepending an up step and appending a down step to $D$. Then, the upper path of $\gamma(D)$ corresponds to the sequence of steps of $\tilde D$ with even indices, and the lower path of $\gamma(D)$ corresponds to the sequence of steps of $\tilde D$ with odd indices.
This map returns the skew partition definded by the diagram of $\gamma(D)$.

The inner shape of a skew partition.

Sends a partition to the shortest Dyck path tracing the shape of its Ferrers diagram.